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| [mixed-color squash*] |
In philosophy and political science, there is a useful concept called
the ideal type. It refers a theoretical example that encompasses all
characteristics of that form and serves a vital role in comparison and
contrast. For example, Max Weber’s definition of citizenship is vital in
understanding the modern world as compared to the medieval one. Likewise, Marx
and Engels define socialism in opposition to capitalism in its pure form.
Clearly, conceptual understanding is enriched by use of the ideal type.
Unfortunately, in reality, no ideal type exists from the simplest
elements, water, to the most complicated, systems of human interaction. In
other words, everything is a hybrid from the economic system you live in, a
unique mixture of socialism and capitalism, to the plumber you call in, who can
fix your pipes but also needs to know how to plaster your wall. Even engineers require knowledge outside their
specialization. For example, electrical engineers need to have a solid basis of
mechanical engineering and programing to properly do their job. It is almost
impossible for a professional to limit knowledge to only one area.
Translators are no different. By tradition, the market has divided
translators into niches such as medical, legal, marketing and beauty products.
Translators in these niches are characterized by thorough knowledge of the
terminology and language of the genre. However, almost all documents that are
defined as belonging to one category also have segments of text relating to
completely different areas of knowledge. From my experience, I have had rental
contracts that required me to research the names of women’s garments in the 19th
century and franchise agreements that sent me checking my accounting textbooks.
My wife, who specializes in medical translation including medical devices,
regularly translates long sections of electronic data (for the technical
specifications) and legalese in the warranty section. While “pure” texts do
appear, most projects involve significant sections, at least terms of content
if not quantity, of material from other fields of knowledge.
The significance for translators is that they need to know how to
identify resources, develop a peer network and actively expand their knowledge
base. A good translator knows how to use Google search to identify correct
information. It is not only a matter of finding a term but also of
understanding the context in the text and the suggested translation. Also, not
all Google results are created equal, with some being a personification of sharing
the ignorance. To update Ibsen in Enemy of the People, the number of
Google hits does not make it correct. Often, in case of doubt or confusion, it
is advisable to consult a trusted colleague with knowledge in that area. As a short-term
solution, consulting is effective because the customer receives a proper
translation. However, in the long term, frequent need for telephone help
indicates that the translator needs to take proactive steps to expand the
knowledge base into that area. Some easily accessible sources are YouTube and
old-fashioned text books. Benjamin Franklin's quip about an ounce of prevention is relevant here. Ignorance is no sin but
doing nothing about it is.
Also of great significance, customers need to be made aware of the actual complexity of the text. Even agencies tend to treat all texts of a similar genre and assume that every translator is also skilled at dealing with the subtexts. Too often, the result is partially successful translation, with the subtexts poorly rendered, thus creating bad vibes from the disappointing results. When dealing with end customers, it may useful to ask them if there are legal, technical or marketing sections in their work. Not only will the customer be impressed by your professionalism but the translator can escape avoidable minefields or invest more time skimming the text before accepting the project or setting the price. Simply put, not all texts of the same type, are created equal.
The world, including translation, is far from pure and often a blend of
many elements. On the one hand, it complicates matters as it requires people to
acquire a broad range of knowledge. On the other hand, it makes each person,
situation and translation unique. Ultimately, imperfection in a certain sense
can be much more interesting.
* The subject of this post was taken from a lecture at conference but,
alas, I no longer remember when, where and who. Pictures help the blind.
Picture source: Image by <a href="https://pixabay.com/users/aitoff-388338/?utm_source=link-attribution&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=image&utm_content=3684196">Andrew Martin</a> from <a href="https://pixabay.com/?utm_source=link-attribution&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=image&utm_content=3684196">Pixabay</a>
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